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How to Replace BPW Axle Brake Shoes – A Step-by-Step Guide

When it comes to keeping trailers and HGVs roadworthy, brakes are one of the most critical components. If you run BPW axles on your fleet, regular brake inspections and replacements are essential to ensure safety and compliance.

At The Scottish Tech Fleet Support, we work on BPW axles daily, and one of the most common maintenance jobs we carry out is replacing brake shoes. Whether you’re a mechanic looking for a refresher or a fleet operator wanting to understand the process, here’s how it’s done properly and safely.


⚙️ Before You Start – Safety First


Always follow proper workshop safety procedures before any brake work.

Make sure to:

  • Park the trailer or vehicle on level ground

  • Chock the wheels and apply parking brakes on other axles

  • Use suitable axle stands and lifting equipment

  • Wear gloves, safety glasses, and a mask (brake dust can be hazardous)

  • Disconnect any air lines if needed

Never work under an unsupported vehicle. If in doubt, get a qualified technician to carry out the work.


🔩 Tools and Equipment You’ll Need


  • Correct replacement BPW brake shoes (matched to your axle type)

  • Spring puller or brake spring pliers

  • Brake shoe retaining tool or drift

  • Hammer and pry bar

  • High-temperature brake grease (for camshaft and pivot points)

  • Torque wrench and socket set

  • Cleaning brush or airline (to remove brake dust and debris)

  • Optional: new return springs and rollers (recommended when replacing shoes)

🧱 Step-by-Step: Replacing BPW Axle Brake Shoes


1. Remove the Wheel and Brake Drum

  • Jack up the axle safely and remove the wheel nuts and wheel.

  • Carefully slide off the brake drum.

  • Inspect the drum for scoring, cracking, or heat damage — if it’s worn beyond spec, it should be replaced or skimmed.

2. Inspect the Old Shoes and Components

  • Check the brake shoes for uneven wear, cracks, or contamination.

  • Look at the rollers, anchor pins, and return springs. If they show wear or corrosion, replace them now.

  • Take a photo before removing anything it helps you reinstall everything correctly.

3. Remove the Return Springs and Shoes

  • Using a spring puller, remove the top and bottom return springs.

  • Unhook the shoes from the rollers and pull them free from the brake camshaft.

  • Carefully remove any loose components keep track of how they fit.

4. Clean and Inspect the Brake Assembly

  • Clean the entire backing plate and camshaft area.

  • Check the camshaft for smooth operation and lubricate it with high-temp grease.

  • Inspect the roller levers and anchor points for wear.

5. Fit the New BPW Brake Shoes

  • Position the new shoes onto the rollers and align them with the camshaft.

  • Refit the return springs start with the bottom spring, then the top.

  • Ensure both shoes sit squarely and the return springs are correctly tensioned.

6. Refit the Brake Drum and Wheel

  • Clean the inside of the drum and refit it carefully over the shoes.

  • Rotate the drum by hand to make sure it moves freely without binding.

  • Refit the wheel and torque the nuts to the correct BPW specification.

7. Adjust the Brakes

  • Using the brake adjuster, tighten the brake until the drum just locks, then back off half a turn.

  • On BPW axles, the automatic slack adjuster will fine-tune the clearance after a few brake applications.

  • Apply and release the brakes several times to ensure everything settles correctly.

8. Final Checks

  • Reconnect air lines and check for leaks.

  • Confirm the brake actuators apply and release smoothly.

  • Test brake performance during a controlled short road test.


🧭 Tips from The Scottish Tech Fleet Support


✅ Always replace brake shoes in axle pairs never one side only.

✅ If you see heat discolouration on the drum, check for sticking brake chambers or seized adjusters.

✅ Replace springs and rollers at the same time for the best results.

✅ Keep a record of all brake maintenance, it’s vital for DVSA compliance and safety inspections.


❓ Common Questions About BPW Brake Shoe Replacement


How often should BPW brake shoes be replaced?

It depends on usage and load, but most fleets inspect brakes every 6–8 weeks. Shoes should be replaced when lining thickness drops below 5 mm or when wear indicators are reached.

Can I replace BPW brake shoes without special tools?

It’s possible, but not recommended. The return springs are strong, and incorrect removal can cause injury or damage. Always use proper tools or have a trained technician perform the job.

How long does it take to replace BPW brake shoes?

An experienced technician can usually complete a pair in about 1–1.5 hours, including inspection and adjustment.

Should I replace drums and shoes together?

Not always, but if the drums are scored, cracked, or beyond wear limits, replace them to ensure even braking and long life for the new shoes.


🧰 Professional Fleet Brake Maintenance – Done Right


At The Scottish Tech Fleet Support, we provide full brake inspections, BPW axle servicing, and on-site repairs to keep your fleet compliant and safe. Whether it’s brake relines, camshaft repairs, or full trailer inspections, our mobile technicians are available 24/7 across the UK.


📞 Call us anytime: 07821056136

📍 Supporting Fleets Nationwide

 
 
 

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